Free tool, no account

Host Country Policy Tracker: What governments have done about carbon credits

Moratoriums, revenue shares, authorisation rules and benefit-sharing laws can change what a carbon credit is worth after you sign. This record lists 23 government actions in 14 countries, each dated and sourced, beside every host country's Article 6 position and World Bank governance scores. 7 tightened the rules, 4 opened them up, and the rest set the rules out.

No combined risk score: the facts are shown side by side. Record checked on 12 October 2026.

Check your credits or countries

Type project IDs or country names, one per line, up to 25. Add tonnes after a comma if you like. Each host country comes back with its recorded government actions, Article 6 position, governance scores and anything worth a second look.

IDs from Verra, Gold Standard, ACR, Climate Action Reserve and ART TREES. Nothing you type is stored.

Latest reporting on host-country carbon policy

Picked automatically from publishers' feeds every three hours. Not yet reviewed into the record below.

No new reporting on host-country carbon policy in the last 30 days of publishers' feeds.

Recorded government actions, newest first

All Tightens Opens Sets rules
  1. 6 July 2026 Indonesia Opens Moratorium lifted or trading reopened

    First forestry projects cleared to issue credits under Forestry Regulation 6 of 2026

    The Ministry of Forestry launched the Indonesia Forestry Carbon Hub and approved four projects covering about 225,000 hectares, three of them registered with Verra, the first such approvals since the 2022 export moratorium on forestry credits.

    Sources: Fastmarkets, "Indonesia clears forestry projects to issue carbon credits after three-year freeze"

  2. 9 January 2026 Zambia Sets rules Benefit-sharing rule

    Green Economy and Climate Change (Carbon Market) Regulations, 2026

    Operationalise Zambia's participation in Article 6 and the voluntary market, and require community development and benefit-sharing agreements so that local communities receive a share of project revenues.

    Sources: UNEP LEAP, "Green Economy and Climate Change (Carbon Market) Regulations, 2026"; Carbon Market Watch, "Input on the Zambian carbon market regulation"

  3. December 2025 Peru Sets rules Authorisation framework

    Supreme Decree 023-2025-MINAM sets fees for the national carbon registry

    Fixed official fees for registering mitigation measures and credits in RENAMI, for Article 6 approaches and the voluntary market. The first Article 6 project, a clean cookstove programme, entered the registry in February 2026.

    Sources: Climate Change Laws of the World, "Supreme Decree No. 023-2025-MINAM"; Carbon Pulse, "Peru approves first Article 6 project for inclusion in national registry"

  4. October 2025 Indonesia Opens Moratorium lifted or trading reopened

    Presidential decree restarts international carbon trading after a four-year pause

    The new decree allows international trades under Indonesian national standards or standards set by the UNFCCC and other international certifiers, and calls for a real-time registry to prevent double counting. Market reports through mid-2025 described uncertainty over eligibility, tax and compliance rules.

    Sources: Reuters, via StratNews Global, "Indonesia resumes international carbon trading after four-year pause"; Carbon Pulse, "Indonesia's carbon export restart stalled by regulatory uncertainty, experts say"

  5. September 2025 India Tightens Eligible activity list

    Clean cookstoves removed from the Article 6 eligible activity list

    An environment ministry memo trimmed the list of activities eligible to generate credits for export under Article 6 from 14 to 13 categories by removing clean cookstove projects.

    Sources: Carbon Pulse, "India excludes cookstoves from Article 6 eligibility list"

  6. 2 May 2025 Zimbabwe Sets rules Revenue share or levy

    Carbon Trading (General) Regulations, Statutory Instrument 48 of 2025, replace SI 150

    Established the Zimbabwe Carbon Markets Authority, a National Carbon Registry and a grievance mechanism, with registration required for market participants. Reports describe the state's share as 30%, well below the 50% announced in 2023; sources differ on the exact terms, so read the gazetted text before relying on a figure.

    Sources: Afriwise, "New regulatory framework for carbon trading in Zimbabwe: SI 48 of 2025"; UNEP LEAP / FAOLEX, "Carbon Trading (General) Regulations, 2025 (SI 48 of 2025)"

  7. 10 April 2025 Papua New Guinea Opens Moratorium lifted or trading reopened

    Moratorium on voluntary REDD+ projects lifted

    The environment minister lifted the three-year moratorium with immediate effect, saying carbon market regulations, guidelines and safeguards were now in place.

    Sources: AFP, via International Business Times, "Papua New Guinea lifts ban on forest carbon credits"; Carbon Pulse, "Papua New Guinea voluntary REDD+ ban to be lifted immediately, minister says"

  8. 11 December 2024 Brazil Sets rules Authorisation framework

    Law 15.042 of 2024 creates the Brazilian regulated carbon market (SBCE)

    Sets rules for REDD+ projects and for state jurisdictional REDD+ programmes, lets landholders request exclusion of their areas from those programmes, and bars advance sales from them for future periods. Detailed implementing rules were still pending as of 2026.

    Sources: Government of Brazil, Planalto, "President Lula signs law creating regulated carbon market in Brazil"; Trench Rossi Watanabe, "Brazilian carbon credits market"

  9. May 2024 Malawi Sets rules Authorisation framework

    Carbon market framework finalised after a government review

    Covers a Carbon Market Office, approval and authorisation steps, developer fees and eligible activities, with the natural resources ministry as authorising entity. Eleven projects were reported registered at the time.

    Sources: Carbon Pulse, "Malawi finalises carbon trading regulatory framework, registers 11 projects"; Climate Change Laws of the World, "Carbon Market Framework (Malawi)"

  10. 17 May 2024 Kenya Sets rules Authorisation framework

    Climate Change (Carbon Markets) Regulations, 2024 come into force

    Legal Notice 84 of 2024. The Designated National Authority issues letters of approval and applies corresponding adjustments on request, and its head keeps the National Carbon Registry.

    Sources: Kenya Law, "The Climate Change (Carbon Markets) Regulations, 2024, Legal Notice 84 of 2024"; EY Global Tax News, "Kenya publishes Climate Change (Carbon Markets) Regulations, 2024"

  11. 27 February 2024 Guyana Opens Corresponding adjustment applied

    First jurisdictional credits issued with a corresponding adjustment for CORSIA

    ART issued 7.14 million 2021-vintage TREES credits to Guyana, which authorised them under Article 6 and reported a corresponding adjustment, making them the first units eligible for CORSIA's first phase.

    Sources: S&P Global Commodity Insights, "Oil-rich Guyana to supply CORSIA-eligible credits in boost to global carbon trade"; Department of Public Information, Guyana, "Government of Guyana announces ART issuance of TREES carbon credits"

  12. 2023 Zimbabwe Sets rules Authorisation framework

    Carbon Credits Trading (General) Regulations, Statutory Instrument 150 of 2023

    Set up a Carbon Credits Trading Committee, a Designated National Authority and a national Carbon Credit Registry for projects in Zimbabwe.

    Sources: Environmental Management Agency, Zimbabwe, "S.I. 150 of 2023 Carbon Credits Trading (General) Regulations"

  13. 30 October 2023 Honduras Sets rules Authorisation framework

    Special Law on Forest Carbon Transactions for Climate Justice, Decree 54-2023

    Created a National Commission for Carbon Transactions, a technical entity that reviews transactions and runs a registry, and a debt-for-nature carbon swap mechanism. Sources do not settle whether the 2022 moratorium still applies.

    Sources: Climate Change Laws of the World, "Legislative Decree 54-2023 on the Special Law on Forest Carbon Transactions for Climate Justice"; Chambers and Partners, "Honduras: Special Law on Forest Carbon Transactions for Climate Justice"

  14. 6 October 2023 Tanzania Sets rules Authorisation framework

    Carbon Trading (Amendment) Regulations, Government Notice 721 of 2023, in force

    Widened the regulations' objectives to mobilising climate finance from local and international sources and amended the 2022 procedure.

    Sources: Clyde & Co, "The amendments to the Tanzania carbon trading regulations, 2023"

  15. September 2023 Kenya Tightens Benefit-sharing rule

    Climate Change (Amendment) Act, 2023 sets community shares of carbon earnings

    Land-based projects must pay local communities at least 40% of the previous year's aggregate earnings, and other projects at least 25%, under a Community Development Agreement recorded in the National Carbon Registry.

    Sources: Oraro & Company Advocates, "The Climate Change (Amendment) Act, 2023"; Afriwise, "Climate Change (Amendment) Act 2023: an overview"

  16. 16 May 2023 Zimbabwe Tightens Revenue share or levy

    Government announces a national carbon credit framework and a 50% state share

    The government released a national carbon credit framework that set the state's share at 50% of revenue from carbon projects. The information minister said earlier agreements signed with international organisations were void.

    Sources: S&P Global Commodity Insights, "Zimbabwe looks to revamp carbon credit trade, wants more revenues" (2023-05-17); Daily Maverick, "Zimbabwe plans takeover of carbon credit trade, voids past deals" (2023-05-17)

  17. March 2023 Liberia Tightens State land or forest deal

    Memorandum of understanding with Blue Carbon LLC over about a tenth of national land

    The finance ministry signed an MoU giving the UAE-based company exclusive rights to manage about one million hectares of forest for 30 years and sell the resulting credits. Critics argued it conflicts with Liberian forestry law and lacked community consent. Whether a final contract was signed is not confirmed.

    Sources: Fern and partners, "International statement on the carbon deal between Blue Carbon and the Liberian Government"; Land Matrix, "Deal #10472"

  18. 20 February 2023 India Sets rules Eligible activity list

    Office memorandum lists 13 activities eligible for Article 6.2 trading

    The environment ministry finalised activities that may generate credits for export under Article 6.2, including stored renewable energy, offshore wind, green hydrogen, compressed biogas, green ammonia and carbon capture. The list was updated in July 2024.

    Sources: CEEW, "India finalises 13 activities under 3 heads for trading of carbon credits"; Carbon Pulse, "India expands list of eligible activities under Article 6.2, adds list for 6.4"

  19. December 2022 Ghana Sets rules Authorisation framework

    Framework on International Carbon Markets and Non-Market Approaches

    Created a Carbon Market Office under the environment ministry and the EPA. It charges application, administrative, corresponding adjustment and listing fees on Article 6.2 transactions, tiered by scale and project category.

    Sources: World Bank PPP Legal Resource Center, "Cross-border ERC trade: Ghana"; Climate Change Laws of the World, "Ghana's framework on international carbon markets and non-market approaches"

  20. 28 October 2022 Tanzania Sets rules Revenue share or levy

    Carbon Trading Regulations, Government Notice 636 of 2022

    Formalised the government's role in carbon projects, set the approval procedure, and provided for distribution of the financial benefits from credit sales, including to the government.

    Sources: Bowmans, "Tanzania: key highlights of the carbon trading regulations"; Climate Change Laws of the World, "Environmental Management (Control and Management of Carbon Trading) Regulations, 2022"

  21. 24 June 2022 Honduras Tightens Moratorium or pause

    Moratorium on selling voluntary-market forest carbon credits

    The environment ministry and forest agency paused sales of forest carbon credits that do not conform to the UNFCCC REDD+ framework. The deputy minister said other segments of the voluntary market were not covered and the pause would end once the Paris frameworks were set.

    Sources: Coalition for Rainforest Nations, "Honduras imposes moratorium on voluntary credits"; S&P Global Commodity Insights, "Honduras to lift moratorium on VCM projects once Paris frameworks set, says deputy minister"

  22. 2 March 2022 Papua New Guinea Tightens Moratorium or pause

    Moratorium on new REDD+ projects for the voluntary carbon market

    The environment minister banned new and proposed REDD+ projects aimed at voluntary carbon credits with immediate effect, while safeguards and regulations under the amended Climate Change (Management) Act were written.

    Sources: Mongabay, "PNG suspends new carbon deals, scrambles to write rules for the schemes" (2022-04); Carbon Pulse, "Papua New Guinea to put moratorium on REDD+ projects for voluntary market"

  23. October 2021 Indonesia Tightens Moratorium or pause

    Carbon pricing rules halt cross-border sales of carbon credits

    Presidential Regulation 98 of 2021 on the economic value of carbon focused on the domestic compliance market. Reporting at the time said it effectively ended cross-border carbon credit trading, including from large forest projects, until further rules were issued.

    Sources: Reuters, via APBI-ICMA, "Indonesia allows resumption of international carbon trade after four years"; Makarim & Taira S., "Entering the carbon trading era in Indonesia"

Every host country, side by side

150 countries host carbon credit projects in the database. Sorted by credits issued from projects in each country. Governance scores run from 0 to 100, higher is stronger.

150 countries shown

Host countries with projects, Article 6 position, governance scores and recorded actions
CountryProjects Credits issuedArticle 6 Stability Rule of lawRegulatory quality Actions recorded
United States of America 1,920 585,065,056 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 60 72 73 0
India 1,907 410,711,345 2 bilateral agreements, authority appointed 55 57 53 2
China 1,563 258,297,104 Authority appointed 66 52 54 0
Türkiye 558 150,258,843 Authority appointed 50 45 53 0
Brazil 394 148,876,876 2 bilateral agreements, 92 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 59 51 48 1
Peru 74 98,922,935 2 bilateral agreements, 1 Article 6.2 activity, 15 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 57 48 58 1
Indonesia 101 98,082,568 4 bilateral agreements, 40 Article 6.2 activities, 14 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 53 54 57 3
Kenya 346 85,495,429 5 bilateral agreements, 4 Article 6.2 activities, 17 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 46 51 49 2
Guyana 1 58,433,813 24,963,214 ITMOs transferred, 1 Article 6.2 activity, authority appointed 69 54 49 1
Cambodia 45 56,751,831 3 bilateral agreements, 9 Article 6.2 activities, 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 72 41 45 0
Colombia 126 48,204,403 1 bilateral agreement, authority appointed 49 48 52 0
Bangladesh 177 43,087,455 1 bilateral agreement, 4 Article 6.2 activities, 11 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 49 44 39 0
Mexico 561 38,958,348 1 bilateral agreement, 9 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 55 39 52 0
Viet Nam 144 35,363,924 3 bilateral agreements, 20 Article 6.2 activities, 23 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 68 56 53 0
Uganda 299 33,947,015 15 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 50 48 45 0
Zimbabwe 30 33,810,113 2 Article 6.2 activities, 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 50 39 34 3
Zambia 91 25,580,771 4 bilateral agreements, 2 Article 6.2 activities, 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 65 51 48 1
South Africa 170 24,827,920 17 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 59 59 54 0
Uruguay 28 24,301,141 1 bilateral agreement, 5 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 88 74 65 0
Republic of Korea 17 22,714,797 14 bilateral agreements, 8 Article 6.2 activities, 7 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 82 78 73 0
Rwanda 226 22,534,441 3 bilateral agreements, 14 Article 6.2 activities, 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 68 60 60 0
Thailand 109 20,609,816 3 bilateral agreements, 52,642 ITMOs transferred, 36 Article 6.2 activities, 19 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 56 57 58 0
Malawi 160 20,037,267 2 bilateral agreements, 4 Article 6.2 activities, 5 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 63 56 45 1
Ghana 69 15,583,868 5 bilateral agreements, 11,733 ITMOs transferred, 44 Article 6.2 activities, 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 67 59 52 1
Madagascar 137 14,959,281 2,724,532 ITMOs transferred, 62 Article 6.2 activities, 4 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 56 43 41 0
Canada 79 13,696,840 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 80 83 80 0
Nigeria 130 13,540,409 4 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 35 43 44 0
Guatemala 34 12,639,516 6 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 62 42 50 0
Ethiopia 88 12,534,464 2 bilateral agreements, 5 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 33 43 43 0
Uzbekistan 7 11,789,486 2 bilateral agreements, 2 Article 6.2 activities, authority appointed 67 48 47 0
Germany 57 10,514,136 Authority appointed 69 85 76 0
Chile 44 9,836,277 3 bilateral agreements, 14 Article 6.2 activities, 30 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 69 70 66 0
United Republic of Tanzania 94 8,697,593 2 bilateral agreements, 2 Article 6.2 activities, authority appointed 57 49 47 2
Malaysia 29 7,590,357 2 bilateral agreements, 4 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 72 65 67 0
Pakistan 38 7,547,640 1 bilateral agreement, 17 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 31 41 40 0
Nepal 148 6,743,351 1 bilateral agreement, 9 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 58 54 44 0
Côte d’Ivoire 15 5,670,123 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 53 50 53 0
Argentina 53 5,484,639 7 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 68 57 54 0
Honduras 48 5,100,194 1 Article 6.2 activity, 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 58 40 45 2
Egypt 24 4,867,104 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 50 47 48 0
Burundi 14 4,761,112 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 44 35 41 0
Sierra Leone 33 4,703,121 1 Article 6.2 activity, authority appointed 59 45 37 0
Lao People's Democratic Republic 52 4,618,590 3 bilateral agreements, 5 Article 6.2 activities, 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 75 48 44 0
Papua New Guinea 19 4,480,432 2 bilateral agreements, authority appointed 56 49 45 2
Belize 10 4,281,642 Authority appointed 80 53 46 0
Mozambique 97 4,128,289 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 37 39 42 0
Bulgaria 7 3,892,362 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 70 58 61 0
Panama 13 3,876,216 1 bilateral agreement, 6 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 70 54 53 0
Paraguay 24 3,335,850 2 bilateral agreements, authority appointed 68 48 55 0
Somalia 4 3,171,572 Authority appointed 28 23 26 0
Mongolia 32 3,002,126 4 bilateral agreements, 7 Article 6.2 activities, 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 76 57 55 0
Senegal 31 2,928,153 4 bilateral agreements, 4 Article 6.2 activities, 8 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 63 56 51 0
Nicaragua 21 2,742,593 Authority appointed 65 33 39 0
Dominican Republic 34 2,729,580 2 bilateral agreements, 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 76 57 59 0
Eritrea 45 2,552,354 Authority appointed 55 30 19 0
Denmark 4 2,324,712 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 80 92 85 0
Singapore 6 1,814,401 28 bilateral agreements, 19 Article 6.2 activities, authority appointed 89 83 92 0
Costa Rica 14 1,717,007 2 bilateral agreements, 2 Article 6.2 activities, 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 87 69 65 0
Mali 14 1,692,001 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 22 39 42 0
Morocco 15 1,591,035 3 bilateral agreements, 2 Article 6.2 activities, 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 56 53 55 0
Oman 6 1,579,968 1 bilateral agreement, 3 Article 6.2 activities, 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 76 67 67 0
Philippines 34 1,521,961 2 bilateral agreements, 10 Article 6.2 activities, 7 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 51 51 59 0
Burkina Faso 102 1,513,996 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 34 44 45 0
Russian Federation 8 1,329,474 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 49 38 35 0
Central African Republic 6 1,294,618 Authority appointed 36 31 33 0
Netherlands (Kingdom of the) 8 1,241,840 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 78 72 71 0
Aruba 2 1,075,844 No Article 6 record 88 79 72 0
Togo 38 1,015,958 Authority appointed 51 48 47 0
Kazakhstan 20 1,010,373 2 bilateral agreements, authority appointed 62 52 56 0
Cameroon 19 995,725 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 36 39 42 0
Mauritania 2 953,204 Authority appointed 54 45 43 0
Gambia 11 896,511 1 Article 6.2 activity, authority appointed 66 52 44 0
Benin 17 890,827 1 bilateral agreement, authority appointed 59 51 50 0
Australia 17 886,866 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 79 83 84 0
New Zealand 13 730,489 Authority appointed 86 86 87 0
Democratic Republic of the Congo 18 711,453 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 28 31 33 0
Myanmar 48 659,982 1 bilateral agreement, 2 Article 6.2 activities, 8 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 29 30 30 0
Mauritius 4 633,808 4 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 82 70 72 0
France 17 630,543 Authority appointed 64 75 73 0
El Salvador 9 606,561 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 68 47 53 0
Namibia 7 536,781 Authority appointed 79 65 57 0
Romania 14 523,245 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 69 64 60 0
New Caledonia 1 507,905 No Article 6 record 71 63 n/a 0
Georgia 4 442,471 3 bilateral agreements, 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 57 60 66 0
Sri Lanka 21 414,283 2 bilateral agreements, 8 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 65 55 50 0
Sudan 4 368,399 Authority appointed 29 28 26 0
Tajikistan 1 315,553 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 60 39 42 0
Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 18 310,787 1 bilateral agreement, authority appointed 63 36 35 0
Guinea-Bissau 2 302,043 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 56 38 34 0
Lesotho 6 273,332 Authority appointed 65 51 47 0
Fiji 2 225,056 1 bilateral agreement, 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 83 66 56 0
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 15 213,856 Authority appointed 71 80 81 0
Angola 6 166,815 Authority appointed 58 40 43 0
Haiti 12 157,887 Authority appointed 41 32 30 0
Ecuador 7 151,697 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 54 42 43 0
Lithuania 3 137,177 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 82 81 77 0
Chad 5 131,471 Authority appointed 38 35 37 0
Timor-Leste 16 128,930 Authority appointed 77 48 43 0
North Macedonia 3 80,177 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 72 56 63 0
Switzerland 27 73,902 20 bilateral agreements, 63,366 ITMOs transferred, 39 Article 6.2 activities, authority appointed 85 87 85 0
Guinea 12 66,779 Authority appointed 53 39 39 0
United Arab Emirates 7 47,452 2 bilateral agreements, 3 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 80 68 76 0
Niger 2 38,769 Authority appointed 35 40 42 0
Poland 5 29,456 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 78 68 69 0
Estonia 6 25,638 Authority appointed 81 82 79 0
Liberia 3 22,906 Authority appointed 63 45 41 1
Comoros 5 17,454 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 62 43 36 0
Israel 10 16,574 Authority appointed 50 70 75 0
Cyprus 2 15,171 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 73 71 70 0
Iceland 2 12,514 1 bilateral agreement, no Article 6.4 authority recorded 89 85 74 0
Azerbaijan 4 10,745 1 bilateral agreement, 2 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 64 51 56 0
Iraq 1 2,560 Authority appointed 33 36 38 0
Austria 1 980 Authority appointed 75 86 74 0
Norway 2 75 9 bilateral agreements, no Article 6.4 authority recorded 85 91 83 0
Gabon 7 0 1 bilateral agreement, 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 68 42 43 0
Bhutan 1 0 1 bilateral agreement, 3 Article 6.4 activities, authority appointed 90 71 54 0
Djibouti 3 0 Authority appointed 57 42 41 0
Serbia 3 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 60 53 57 0
Botswana 4 0 Authority appointed 85 63 62 0
Greece 1 0 Authority appointed 71 63 63 0
Kosovo 1 0 No Article 6 record 63 60 52 0
Italy 19 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 74 68 66 0
Armenia 1 0 Authority appointed 58 54 59 0
Cabo Verde 1 0 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 81 66 56 0
Belgium 2 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 69 80 76 0
Latvia 6 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 80 76 73 0
Croatia 2 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 78 66 63 0
Yemen 1 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 22 27 30 0
Tunisia 3 0 3 bilateral agreements, authority appointed 53 52 47 0
Japan 6 0 32 bilateral agreements, 1,442 ITMOs transferred, 147 Article 6.2 activities, no Article 6.4 authority recorded 88 84 77 0
Spain 15 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 69 73 63 0
Guam 1 0 No Article 6 record 87 75 62 0
Jamaica 1 0 Authority appointed 75 58 56 0
Czechia 1 0 Authority appointed 84 78 74 0
Syrian Arab Republic 1 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 83 78 76 0
Suriname 1 0 1 Article 6.2 activity, no Article 6.4 authority recorded 76 55 42 0
Jordan 1 0 1 bilateral agreement, 1 Article 6.4 activity, authority appointed 60 62 61 0
Bahrain 1 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 60 62 73 0
Saudi Arabia 3 0 1 bilateral agreement, 1 Article 6.2 activity, authority appointed 66 63 67 0
Albania 1 0 Authority appointed 67 58 61 0
South Sudan 1 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 39 25 23 0
Bahamas 1 0 Authority appointed 84 62 54 0
Portugal 6 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 78 76 65 0
Ukraine 4 0 2 bilateral agreements, authority appointed 60 46 51 0
Sweden 3 0 7 bilateral agreements, 3 Article 6.2 activities, authority appointed 81 87 83 0
Hong Kong 1 0 No Article 6 record 79 74 83 0
Ireland 1 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 79 84 83 0
Afghanistan 1 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 30 28 31 0
Qatar 1 0 No Article 6.4 authority recorded 84 68 73 0
Solomon Islands 1 0 Authority appointed 79 62 39 0

Source: UN Article 6 tracking (UNEP Copenhagen Climate Centre) · Data as of 4 September 2026

Source: World Bank, Worldwide Governance Indicators · Data as of 2025

Which of your credits sit in these countries?

Host Country Exposure in the CRBN.credit terminal reads your Retirement Ledger, or a list of project IDs, groups your credits by host country and puts each country's recorded actions, Article 6 position and governance scores beside them, with a CSV.

Open Host Country Exposure

Included in every plan and the 14-day free trial.

Why host country policy matters to a credit buyer

A carbon credit is created in one country and usually bought in another. Until recently the host government had little say in that trade. The Paris Agreement changed that: each country now has its own emissions target, and a reduction sold abroad is one the country cannot also count at home unless it chooses to.

Authorisation and adjustments. Under Article 6, a host country can authorise credits for use abroad and apply a corresponding adjustment. Credits used for CORSIA's first phase need that authorisation. Countries are building the institutions to grant it at different speeds, which is what the Article 6 column shows.

Revenue and benefit sharing. Several governments now take a share of carbon revenue, or require projects to share it with communities. Kenya requires land-based projects to pay communities at least 40% of their earnings. Zimbabwe announced a 50% state share in 2023 before setting lower terms in 2025.

Pauses and reopenings. Moratoriums halt new projects or exports while rules are written. Papua New Guinea paused voluntary forest projects from 2022 to 2025; Indonesia halted cross-border sales in 2021 and reopened them in 2025. A pause can strand credits a buyer has contracted for.

None of this makes a country a bad place for projects. Clear rules often make credits more valuable. What matters for a buyer is knowing which rules apply to the credits in front of them, and when they last changed.

How to read this page

  • Tightens marks an action that restricts projects or exports or takes a share of revenue. Opens marks one that lifts a restriction or authorises credits. Sets rules marks a framework that does neither on its face.
  • The Article 6 column counts what the UNEP Copenhagen Climate Centre's Article 6 Pipeline records for the country: bilateral agreements, ITMOs transferred, activities, and whether an authority for the Paris Agreement Crediting Mechanism is appointed.
  • Governance scores are country-wide and change slowly. They are context for a project, not a judgement on it.
  • The record of actions is curated by hand from government notices, gazettes and named reporting. Where sources disagree, the entry says so.

Questions

What is host country risk in carbon markets?

The chance that the government of the country where a project sits changes the rules under it: pausing new projects, claiming a share of revenue, requiring authorisation before credits leave the country, or setting benefit-sharing terms. It can delay issuance, cut a developer's revenue or stop credits being exported.

Which countries have restricted carbon credit projects?

This record lists, among others, moratoriums in Papua New Guinea (2022 to 2025) and Honduras (2022), Indonesia's halt to cross-border sales from 2021 until 2025, Zimbabwe's 2023 claim to half of project revenue, and Kenya's 2023 rule that land-based projects pay communities at least 40% of earnings. Each entry has its date and sources.

What does Article 6 authorisation mean for a buyer?

Under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement a host country can authorise credits for use abroad and apply a corresponding adjustment, so it does not also count the reduction toward its own target. CORSIA requires it for eligible units, and buyers increasingly ask for it. A country with no appointed authority cannot yet authorise credits under the Paris Agreement Crediting Mechanism.

How should I read the governance scores?

They are the World Bank's Worldwide Governance Indicators, scaled from 0 to 100, where higher is stronger: political stability and absence of violence, rule of law, and regulatory quality. They describe a whole country, not a project, and move slowly.

Why is there no single risk score?

Because no dataset measures the chance that a government revokes an authorisation or claims a share of revenue. Combining governance scores, Article 6 counts and past actions into one number would invent a precision that does not exist, so the page shows the facts side by side.

How often is the record updated?

Article 6 data and governance scores refresh automatically. The record of government actions is checked against its sources at least every 90 days and when a listed country changes its rules. Each entry shows the sources it rests on.

Related: our guide to Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, the compliance regulation tracker, each project's host country position on its Credit Passport, the offtake calculator for what delivery risk does to a forward contract, and our analysis of host country risk in carbon markets.

General information compiled from public sources. It is not legal advice and not a rating of any country.