Production of pig iron or steel installations in the EU ETS

In 2025, 160 installations reported 81,164,820 tonnes of verified emissions and received 104,224,535 free allowances. 240 installations are on record since 2013.

Reporting in 2025

160

Verified emissions

81,164,820 t

Free allocation

104,224,535

Allocation as share of emissions

128.4%

Source: European Commission, Union Registry · Data as of 1 April 2026

By country, 2025

CBAM context

This activity falls in the iron and steel sector of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism. Free allocation for products covered by the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism is being reduced each year under current EU law.

Free allocation remaining for CBAM-covered products, by year
202620272028202920302031203220332034
97.5%95%90%77.5%51.5%39%26.5%14%0%

Share of free allocation remaining for CBAM-covered products, under Directive (EU) 2023/959, Article 10a. It applies to the benchmarks for those products, not necessarily to an installation's whole allocation, so it is not applied to the figures on this page.

Proposed change

A European Commission proposal of 17 July 2026 would restore 15% of the phased-out free allocation for CBAM sectors from 2028 and extend the end of the phase-out from 2034 to 2038. This is a proposal and not yet law.

More on CBAM: the India CBAM Center and what CBAM is and how it works.

Installations

Largest 2025 verified emissions first; installations that did not report in 2025 follow.

All EU ETS installations · EU carbon price